This article provides an in-depth analysis of the core content of textile color fastness testing, covering key testing items such as friction resistance, washing resistance, light resistance, sweat resistance, etc. It explains the international and domestic standards such as ISO, AATCC, GB, JIS, etc., introduces the testing process, equipment and grading methods, analyzes the influencing factors of dyestuffs and processes, and provides practical enhancement strategies, which will help enterprises control the quality of their products.